WNYC has released the first day of the hearings, April 21, 1954. Mother or Virginia Hill? Charles Tobey (R-NH) Antagonized by the press, Hill kicked and slapped aggressive journalists on her way out of the hearing room, actions caught on live television. And there are NO tie in sales. Special Committee on Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce - Senate The television broadcasts educated a broad audience about the complicated issues of interstate crime. The Hearings were only supposed to be for two days, but a third day came about because of the issue of Council on Law Enforcement (Creator), Economic Club of Detroit (Copyright holder), Hudson Guild (New York, N.Y.) (Copyright holder), Kefauver, Estes, 1903-1963 (Copyright holder), Library of Congress. "Television and radio make these events more vivid and alive to the general public than newspapers," explained one New York teacher. Mr. Harold Chamberlain - Circulation Director of Independent News Co. Herbert O'Conor (D-MD) Similarly, he denied that Frank Costello had any interest in the Thunderbird, again claiming that to his knowledge Costello had never set foot in Las Vegas. After a dispute with Rosen, Adler sold his 49 percent share of Flamingo Hotel (in a transaction brokered by Wiener and Jones) and departed for Northern Nevada. Watch Dell create a new slogan for themselves. Many times during these televised hearings they showed or described comic book covers or specific story panels, I managed to find the pictures in question in some of these instances and put them up within the testimony. Mr. William Richter - News Dealers Association of Greater New York. Diamond Jim Moran, the owner of La Louisiane Restaurant in New Orleans, took advantage of the free publicity and repeatedly plugged his restaurant, which was teeming with illegal slot machines. I dont expect to be made an object of ridicule as long as television is on.. Hearings led by Sen. Estes Kefauver, D-Tenn., in 1959 and 1960 were the first significant congressional inquiry into rising drug costs and drug-company profits. Senator Kefauver gives short remarks on Chinese Nationalists in the Korean War, modifying the draft to include men as young as 18, and the end of his own crime investigation., Senator Estes Kefauver's weekly reports were "made available to Tennessee . Mr. George B. Davis - President Kable News Co. Hon. All but two of these subseries hold material created or gathered in the course of Kefauvers work with various Senate, Joint, Select and House committees. Sometimes only the The second sentence "If you hadn't have drunk it, I wouldn't have bootlegged it" is not mentioned anywhere in the record of Dalitz's testimony. Some National Distributors, regional Wholesalers and Newsstand venders also appeared to be Virginia Hill continues her testimony before Kefauver Committee Mr. George B. Davis - President Kable News Co. The U.S. Senates Special Committee to Investigate Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce, chaired by Tennessee Democrat Estes Kefauver, focused attention as never before on gambling-related crime as a national problem. Our policy prohibits reproduction of an entire collection. The series is arranged chronologically and, when possible, the event or location, city, and state are listed along with the date. With that explanation, Kefauver thanked and excused Jones and Wiener. Crime Documents from the Estes Kefauver Collection The American Mafia - Kefauver Report #2 - Feb. 28, 1951 Series XX: Christmas greetings to Nancy Kefauver Museum building location of the famed Kefauver hearings (1950-51) that exposed organized crime. United States Senate. The Kefauver Hearings NCS The Kefauver Committee was named after Estes Kefauver who was the first chairman to sit in on the hearings. He also gets the Gaines treatment with Marvel horror covers. It retains its relevance today, particularly in Las Vegas, where The Mob Museum occupies the building in which the committee met during its sole trip to Las Vegas. 202 .. See other formats Kefauver Committee Hearing: Committee Hears Hoover and McGrath in Capital. Hearings Part 1 (or Part 1) (pp. How to pronounce Kefauver? (RECOMMENDED) - PronounceNames.com Researchers interested in consulting the MPA collections are advised to contact the Modern Political Archives, From the Series: 2581-3219) Part 9 (pp. This guy is already in prison for publishing and mailing obscene stuff. Estes Kefauver - The Mob Museum Wiener admitted that Lansky might have owned some stock in the original Nevada Projects Corporation, but that it wasnt a large percentage. Siegel was the largest shareholder. Series XVIII: Miscellaneous office materials Senator from Tennessee". - Funny one page comic book commentary by Kefauver Hearings 1950-51 Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce was the focus of the U.S. Senate's "Kefauver Committee" in 1950-51. The Kefauver hearings, as they beca. He hates Horror/Crime Comics, Bill Gaines and the comic Panic in particular. One of the more significant subseries may be that of the Judiciary Committee, where Kefauver did a lot of his work concerning antitrust, civil rights, and crime issues (it must be noted however that Kefauvers famous crime committee is not one of the special committees represented in this series). In the Senate, Estes Kefauver (D-TN) chaired the Subcommittee on Antitrust and Monopoly (part of the Senate Judiciary Committee) and had recently led a lengthy series of hearings on . He and his brother also had shares in the Barbara Worth Hotel and an unconnected cocktail lounge in San Diego. Information provided by the Senate Historical Office. He doesn't like the Crime and Horror Comics, but he also doesn't want a law banning them. Full text of "Investigation of organized crime in interstate commerce In 1950, freshman U.S. When pressed, Jones assumed that this was Meyers brother, and that Jack had stayed at the hotel a couple of weeks on at least two occasions. Although the last subseries is named "abroad", there are also a few international files in the other subseries. | About two weeks after Siegels June 20, 1947, death, Sanford Adler and his associates formed Flamingo Hotel Inc., and bought the property from Nevada Projects. She defends her own reputation and DC Comics. Particularly dramatic was testimony by Frank Costello. He narrowly lost and was the vice presidential candidate alongside Adlai Stevenson. Kefauvers Las Vegas hearings, then, helped provide a cocoon of monopoly for the Nevada casino industry to grow unchallenged for the next 25 years, which likely benefited the state as a whole. surprise that the hearings worked in getting the comic book industry to adopt a self censoring code. 159 Linear Feet (318.5 (boxes 1 through folder 5 318)), Part of the Betsey B. Creekmore Special Collections and University Archives, University of Tennessee, Knoxville Repository. On November 14, the senators making the Western jaunt Kefauver, Charles Tobey of New Hampshire and Alexander Wiley of Wisconsin joined their investigators in Los Angeles. In 1951, Frank Costello was subpoenaed to appear before the Kefauver Committee. The anti-comic ones are allowed to have their say and are not scrutinized. Congress. . He knew Hank Greenspun, but not under his birth name of Herman. Usage Policy | Milton Caniff was a very influential artist. Afternoon Session: Questions about Senate History? Series I: Subject Matter File (1933 - 1964) contains correspondence, memoranda, reports, reference materials and other documents gathered or created during Kefauver's legislative work. on Comic Books. A series of hearings held by a special U.S. Senate committee in 1950 and 1951 changed that perception. Dr. Harris Peck - Director of the Bureau of Mental Health Services, Children's Court, New York, N. Y. Henry Edward Schultz - General Counsel, Association of Comic Magazine Publishers, Inc., New York, N. Y. Dr. Fredric Wertham - Author of Seduction of the Innocent, Mr. William Gaines - Publisher of EC Comics, Testimony of Walt Kelly, Milton Caniff and Joseph Musial - The National Cartoonist Society, Gunner Dybwad - Executive Director of the Child Study Association of America, Mr. William Friedman - Small comic book publisher with some horror books, Dr. Laura Bender - Psychiatrist working for DC Comics, Mr. Monroe Froehlich Jr. - Business Manager of Magazine Management Co. (Marvel Comics), Mr. William Richter - News Dealers Association of Greater New York, Mr. Alex Segal - President, Stravon Publications, Testimony of Mrs. Helen Meyer and Mr. Matthew Murphy - Vice President and Editor of Dell Publications, Hon. The committee members held, as an article of faith proven through witness testimony (and artfully interpreted silences), that there existed a national syndicate of criminal organizations, and that this syndicate was forcing its way into legitimate businesses. 2 0 obj James A. Fitzpatrick, Chairman, New York State Joint Legislative Committee To Study The Publication Of Comics. [3] On May 3, 1950, Vice President Alben W. Barkley, sitting in his role as President of the United States Senate, cast the tie-breaking vote, and the Special Committee to Investigate Crime in Interstate Commerce was established. 1955 hearings transcripts: U.S. Congress, Senate, Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency, Juvenile Delinquency (Obscene and Pornographic Materials): hearings before the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee To Investigate Juvenile Delinquency Pursuant to Senate Resolution 62, Investigation of Juvenile Delinquency in the Then Clarks powers of recollection began to falter. Articles & columns that are both pro The television broadcast of the committee's hearings attracted huge public interest and educated a broad audience about the issues of municipal corruption and organized crime. Morning Session: Sheriffs Ex-Wife Tells Senators How He Accumulated $150,000, New York Times, January 27, 1951. He knew that Sam Tucker, Allard Roen and Cornelius Jones were overseeing the Cleveland groups interest at the Desert Inn but was unsure about his own role in the operation, despite the fact that his name was on the marquee out front. Process Many constituents wrote to Kefauver to express their opinions or to request aid, and the Senator and his staff responded to these in increasingly programmatic ways. It retains its relevance today, particularly in Las Vegas, where The Mob Museum occupies the building in which the committee met during its sole trip to Las Vegas. In 1950, he introduced a Senate resolution to establish a committee to investigate labor racketeering in interstate commerce. 757-1109) Part 4 (pp. Series XIX: Plaques from Senate office wall and against comic books, Comic Book Ratings, Are you a Red Dupe? The man gambles, he explained. New York and New Jersey, various doctors and educators, Comic Strip artists and Fredric Wertham himself The hearings were held between 1957 and 1959. We have provided links to the hearing volumes and summaries of their contents below: Part 1. The Kefauver Drug Hearings in Perspective - JSTOR David G. Schwartz is the author of several works of history about Las Vegas, including At the Sands: The Casino That Shaped Classic Las Vegas, Brought the Rat Pack Together, and Went Out with a Bang; Grandissimo: The First Emperor of Las Vegas; Suburban Xanadu: The Casino Resort on the Las Vegas Strip and Beyond; and Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling. None of the witnesses made the impact of Frank Costello, who started out by refusing to testify because, he said, the microphones would prohibit him from privately consulting with his attorney, sitting next to him. Popularly known as the Kefauver Committee after its telegenic chairman, the committee captivated the nation in 1950-1951 with its televised hearings. Crime & The Committee - The Kefauver Hearings (1958) - YouTube These are the 1954 Senate Subcommittee Hearings into Juvenile Delinquency, with the special focus The television cameras would not show his face, but focus only on his hands. Intro to the Hearings, Descriptions of Crime and Horror Comic Book stories. Testimony of Mrs. Helen Meyer and Mr. Matthew Murphy - Vice President and Editor of Dell Publications. 1991-2578) Part 8 (pp. www.senate.gov. 1111-1508) Part 5 (pp. James A. Fitzpatrick, Chairman, New York State Joint Legislative Committee To Study The Publication Of Comics, Mr. Benjamin Freedman - Chairman of the Board, Newsdealers Association of Greater New York and America. But in fact, the Kefauver hearings had little impact in the cities the Committee visited: He and his men swept in and then just as quickly swept out, leaving behind titillating news coverage and an unforgettable television experience. He distributes a number of horror comic books and some get displayed for him to explain. 1-434) Part 2 (pp. The American Mafia - Kefauver Report #1 - Aug. 18, 1950 First Interim Report U.S. Senate Special Committee to Investigate Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce Kefauver Menu Interim Report #2 81ST CONGRESS 2d Session REPORT No. Senator Estes Kefauver (Democrat-Tennessee), held the seventh of 27 hearings in 14 cities in Las Vegas. Series XII: Speeches and News Releases (1939-1963) This series is arranged chronologically and described according to subject of speech or news releases and location given. Born in 1903, Estes Kefauver studied at the University of Tennessee and at Yale University where he received his law degree in 1927. To arrive at a thorough, accurate, and over-all picture of the problem of organized crime in interstate commerce, the committee, consisting of Senator Estes Kefauver as chairman; two other Democratic members, Senators Herbert R. O'Conor and Lester C. Hunt: and two Republican members, Senators Charles W. Tobey and Alexander Wiley, has visited and Senator Kefauver would write the Senate Interim Report in 1955 that summarizes the hearings and offers some conclusions. Clark was not, he told the committee, in charge of the hotels construction or finances; that was a boy by the name of Allard Roen.. Published: November 10th, 2020 - By David G. Schwartz, Contributing Writer, Senator Estes Kefauver, left, talks with Nevada Lieutenant Governor Cliff Jones, who was interviewed by the committee on November 15, 1950. President's Committee on Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Crime (Copyright holder), United States. Moore revealed that since the Tax Commission had begun issuing licenses, it had refused hundreds of applications and revoked as many as 100 for reasons of character. Halley asked why William Graham and James McKay, notorious Reno racketeers, had been granted licenses despite their convictions for altering government bonds in the southern district of New York. [1] The term capo di tutti capi was introduced to the U.S. public by the Kefauver Commission. Nor had he ever heard the name of Costello associate Phil Kastel. that did not think comics had an effect on juvenile delinquency, but they were not invited to testify. | Visit ArchivesSpace.org a special thank you to Jeff Trexler for photocopying them and mailing to me for free. He denied having ever had a business relationship with any of them or knowing any specifics of their business. In January of the next year, the Kefauver Committee took to the road, crisscrossing the country to ferret out likely targets who could be exposed. Americans had seen nothing like it beforenot in their own living rooms. Sedway then talked about his partnerships with Siegel in the Golden Nugget and Frontier Club race books, but, when pressed about Siegels outside interests, objected that Siegel wasnt the talkative type. Sometimes Fantasy is spelled Phantasy. Executive session." Subcommittee to Investigate Juvenile Delinquency, (Library of Congress Name Authority File), United States. Mr. Harold Chamberlain - Circulation Director of Independent News Co. Mr. Charles Appel - Owner, Angus Drug Store. Samuel Roth - Publisher. Senate. What about this one? He talks about the horrible comic books. Kefauver excused Greeson and moved on to the next witness, Wilbur Clark. The Committee ultimately produced an 11,000-page report and exposed millions of Americans to organized crime for the first time. ban crime and horror comics and they treat them with the highest amount of respect possible. "This is a public hearing and anyone has a right to be here," Kefauver told him. By then the C.C.M.A. In 1950 and 1951, he chaired a Senate committee charged with investigating organized crime and exposing its corruption of public institutions. He calls them trash and wants a law to [3] Debate over the substitute resolution was bitter and partisan, and the voting on the resolution extremely close. [1] Legislative proposals and state ballot referendums legalizing gambling went down to defeat over the next few years due to revelations of organized crime's involvement in the gambling industry, and more than 70 "crime commissions" were established at the state and local level to build on the Kefauver Committee's work. For eight straight days, mobsters were dragged before the committee. Terry and the Pirates, then Steve Canyon. "The Senate investigation into interstate crime," it concluded, "was almost the sole subject of national conversation.". <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> These dramatic hearings also made certain that television would play a large role in future Senate investigations. An architect by trade, he came to Las Vegas in 1941 to design the Hotel Last Frontier for his uncle, R.E. That is no sign he shouldnt have a license in a state where it is legal. This was a basic policy of the Tax Commission. Afternoon Session: Explains why the first Comic Book Code didn't stick. During an intense period of questioning by Rudolph Halley, Costello's hands "twisted and clenched," according to one account, "revealing [his] inner fears and confusion." Wearing a mink cape, silk gloves, and a large hat, and with the presence of a movie star, Hauser strutted into the U.S. In addition to Costello, the committee interrogated a veritable who's who of the criminal underworld. Henry Edward Schultz - General Counsel, Association of Comic Magazine Publishers, Inc., New York, N. Y. The last two subseries contain executive calendars and digests of public general bills, respectively.Series IV: Correspondence (1939-1963) consists of correspondence to and from Kefauver, his staff and his colleagues. Inquire with Special Collections about contents and access. Since then I've Remarkably, Kefauver beat the incumbent, Harry S. Truman, in the New Hampshire primary, leading Truman to abandon his campaign for renomination. 1 0 obj Then Kefauver headed north to San Francisco, uncovering a vast pattern of illegal payouts from lobbyists to state legislators. He admitted to knowing George Sadlo, an El Paso gambler who frequently visited the Thunderbird and was an intimate of Jack Lanskys but insisted that both men just liked to gamble at the casino. Remembering Estes Kefauver, by Theodore Brown, Jr. and Robert B. Allen, The Progressive Populist, 1996, http://www.populist.com/96.10.kefauver.html. Testimony of Walt Kelly, Milton Caniff and Joseph Musial - The National Cartoonist Society. city and/or state is listed with the date.Series IX: Jobs, Appointments and Patronage (1949-1963) This series includes individual recommendations and appointments by Kefauver to positions within the federal government.Series X: Office Files (1939-1963) includes files from both the Chattanooga and the Nashville offices, including case work, condolences, field office files, guestbooks and correspondence with news media and other agencies. Cookie Policy He invokes the 5th Amendment and asks for immunity. Legislative Reference Service. Weve had several witnesses who seemed much less timid and experienced I refuse to permit the arrangements for this hearing to be dictated by a witness.. Dybwad shows us the DC Comics internal Comic Code they used during this period. a close reading of the transcripts of both events reveals several strikingly similar exchanges about comics and their place in American society . Dr. Laura Bender - Psychiatrist working for DC Comics Jones replied that as long as the individuals conducted themselves properly, probably no harm comes of it. But what constituted proper conduct, Halley wanted to know. Courthouse in Foley Square. Senator Kefauver Wows Em on TV, by John Crosby, New York Herald Tribune, March 5, 1951. Clark started by sharing that he was a member of the corporation that owned Wilbur Clarks Desert Inn and an employee of the casino. Many, if not most artists of the day wanted to be just like him. United States Senate Special Committee to Investigate Crime in
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